Transhumanism experts, including advocates like Ray Kurzweil and ethicists such as Nick Bostrom, review advances in stem cell therapies, synthetic organs, and molecular nanotechnology to project lifespan extension of 25–50 years, discussing strategies like ‘Three Rules of Living Forever’ and raising policy implications of physical immortality.

Key points

• Therapeutic human cloning coupled with stem cell therapies demonstrates potential for organ regeneration, projecting multi-decade lifespan extension in preclinical models.
• Molecular nanotechnology frameworks outline targeted repair mechanisms at the cellular level, proposing enhanced tissue maintenance to delay age-related degeneration.
• Digital-cerebral interface concepts aim to integrate neural networks with AI, facilitating continuous cognitive optimization and potential mind uploading pathways.

Why it matters: Mapping the pathway to technological immortality reframes longevity science, highlighting ethical divergences and enabling informed debates on transformative biotechnological interventions.

Futurism thought leaders Raymond Kurzweil and Nick Bostrom evaluate potential breakthroughs—therapeutic cloning, stem cell therapies, synthetic organs, molecular nanotechnology, and digital-cerebral interfaces—that could propel human lifespan toward 150 years and usher in a transhuman singularity, contrasting promising life-extension opportunities with profound ethical and societal challenges.

Key points

• Therapeutic human cloning and stem cell reprogramming target tissue regeneration and age reversal.
• Molecular nanotechnology promises intracellular repair to correct aging biomarkers at the nanoscale.
• High-bandwidth digital-cerebral interfaces enable seamless mind–machine integration toward a potential singularity.

Why it matters: Exploring transhuman strategies for immortality underscores a paradigm shift in biomedical innovation and raises critical ethical considerations for societal futures.